DOPAMINE-ELSaad 50
-
Chemical Name:
Dopamine HCl -
Therapeutic Category:
Cardiovascular drugs -
Pharmacologic Category:
Adrenergic Agonist Agent -
Pharmaceutical Form:
Ampoule -
Composition:
Dopamine HCl 50mg
DOPAMINE ELSAAD
Ampoule
Dopamine HCl
1-PHARMACOLOGY:
Dopamine hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic agent with direct effects on beta-adrenergic receptors and indirect effects on alpha-adrenergic receptors. Dopamine hydrochloride dilates the renal and mesenteric blood vessels and increases urine output by a specific dopaminegic mechanism. At low doses the direct inotropic effect on the heart without undue tachycardia and renal effects predominate, where as at higher doses the alpha-adrenergic properties predominate leading to increased peripheral resistance with may ultimately dominate over the renal vasodilatation.
2-INDICATIONS:
DOPAMINE is indicated for the correction of poor perfusion, low cardiac output, impending renal failure and shock associated with myocardial infarction, trauma, endotoxic, septicoemia, open heart surgery, congestive heart failure.
3-CONTRA-INDICATIONS :
Phaeochromocytoma.
Uncorrected hypovolaemia.
Uncorrected tachyarrhythmias or ventricular fibrillation.
4-SIDE EFFECTS :
The most frequently occuring adverse effects include ectopic beats, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, anginal pain, palpitations, dyspnoea, headache, hypotension and vasoconstriction. Other infrequent adverse effects include aberrant conduction, bradycardia, piloerection, widened QRS complex, azotaemia and hypertension.
5-PRECAUTIONS :
1-Usage in pregnancy and lactation: Dopamine hydrochloride may be used in pregnant woman when the anticipated benefit outweighs the risk.
2-The degree of response to Dopamine hydrochloride is reduced the longer the interval between onset of haemodynamic deterioration and treatment.
3-Dopamine hydrochloride should only be used under the direct supervision of physicians to whom facilities for regular intensive monitoring of cardiovascular and renal parameters are available. In particular, this will include blood volume , myocardial contractility, cardiac output, electrocardiography, urine flow rate, blood and pulse pressure.
4-Inadvertent extravasation of drug may cause tissue ischaemia and local necrosis. Local infiltration with phentolamine in saline solution should be given as soon as possible.
5-Dopamine hydrochloride should only be used with extreme caution in patients with a history of occlusive vascular disease.
6-The apprearance of unwarranted increase in blood pressure or decrease in urine output requires a reduction in quantity of drug infused. Although low doses induce vasodilatation and increase renal perfusion, higher doses ( more than 5 micrograms /kg/minute) lead to vasoconstriction and may exacerbate heart failure.
7-Usage in children :The safety and efficacy of Dopamine hydrochloride in children has not been established.
6-DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION :
DOPAMINE infusion concentrate must be diluted before use.
After dilution DOPAMINE solution is administered intravenously by infusion only into medium to large size veins. A suitable metering device is required in the infusion system to control the flow rate, and this must be adjusted to the individual patient’s response.
When appropriate, restoration of blood volume with a suitable plasma expander
Should be started or completed before dopamine therapy. The initial flow rate of to 2 to 5 micrograms/kg /minute may be gradually increased by 5-10 micrograms/kg/minute increment up to 20 to 50 micrograms/kg/minute if needed. The majority of patients can be satisfactorily maintained on doses of DOPAMINE less than 20 micrograms/kg/minute.
7-OVERDOSAGE :
Accidental overdosage as evidenced by excessive blood pressure elevation can be controlled by dose reduction or discontinuing DOPAMINE infusion for a short period. Should these measures fail, an infusion of phentolamine mesylate should be considered
8-DRUG - INTERACTIONS :
Do NOT add Dopamine hydrochloride to alkaline solution, including sodium bicarbonate solution, or dilute with oxidising agents or iron salts, since the drug is inactivated.
Dopamine hydrochloride should be used with extreme caution during anaesthesia with cyclopropane, halothane, and other volatile anaesthetics.
In patients treated with MAOIs, the dose of . Dopamine hydrochloride should be reduced substantially; a suggested starting dose is one tenth of the usual dose.
9-PREPARATION OF INFUSION:
Transfer 800 mg Dopamine hydrochloride to 500 ml of one of the following sterile intravenous solution:
1-Sodium Chloride Injection
2-5 % Dextrose Injection
3-5 % Dextrose and 0.9 % Sodium Chloride Injection
4-5 % Dextrose in 0.45 % Sodium Chloride Solution
5-5 % Dextrose in Lactated Ringer Solution
6-Sodium Lactate (1/6 Molar) Injection
7-Lactated Ringer’s Injection
This dilution gives a concentration of 1600 micrograms/ml of Dopamine hydrochloride
Dopamine hydrochloride is stable for a minimum of 24 hours after dilution in the above solutionss, however the dilutions should be prepared just before administration.
10-PACKAGING:
Dopamine-ElSaad 200 :
Pack carton contains 5 Ampoules (5 ml ).
Pack carton contains 25 Ampoules (5 ml ).
Dopamine-ElSaad 50 :
Pack carton contains 5 Ampoules (5 ml ).
Pack carton contains 25 Ampoules (5 ml ).
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